The bench behind the work.

The combined experience of the five engineers who make up N2, merged from their individual résumés into a single index. It is long because the point is depth in a narrow field rather than breadth across many. Jump to whatever you're evaluating us on.

Senior engineers, no juniors: 5 Senior engineers, no juniors
Combined years in power delivery: 144 Combined years in power delivery
Voltage classes designed: 4–500kV Voltage classes designed
U.S. states of P.E. registration: 19 U.S. states of P.E. registration

Protective Relay & Control Systems

Engineering and design of P&C systems for voltage levels 4kV–500kV: distribution lines; substation bus, feeders, transmission lines, power equipment and generation.
- Panel design, relay selection, schematic and wiring diagram development, control building design and layout, auxiliary power systems, battery systems.
- Bus fault studies, relay coordination studies, relay settings.
- Substation SCADA interface design and implementation.
- Substation telecom and network interface design.
- Delivery point and intertie revenue metering systems.
- Installation and construction support.
P&C drawing packages: one-line and three-line diagrams, AC and DC control schematics, wiring diagrams, and relay panel layouts.
Project design deliverables: cable schedules, tripping diagrams, scopes of work, and outage plans.
Assembled bills of materials and gathered vendor quotes for complete construction packages.
Peer review and quality check of P&C design packages to client standards.
Protection schemes, new and modification or replacement of existing: line protection, bus differential, transformer differential, breaker control, breaker failure, SCADA, and digital fault recording.
Bus configurations: single breaker, breaker-and-a-half, double breaker double bus, and ring bus, each with varying bypass or transfer bus schemes.
Communication and pilot schemes: DCB, DCUB, POTT, DUTT, DTT; synchrophasor capability.

Substation Engineering

Electrical engineering for substations, 12kV–500kV.
Site plans, general arrangements, elevations.
Bus configuration and design: main, main and transfer, breaker-and-a-half, ring bus, double bus; bus optimization for space-constrained sites.
Substation grounding, lightning protection, conduit design, general lighting plans, fencing and perimeter security.
Substation auxiliary power.
Power equipment selection and specifications: transformers, circuit breakers, circuit switchers, capacitor banks, freestanding current transformers, voltage transformers, voltage regulators, station control houses, relaying panels, batteries, and station service power distribution.
New and modified substation and switchyard protection and control schemes up to 500kV, to client standards.
Scope ranges from yard equipment and relay replacements to full station reconfigurations and new control houses.
Development of construction specifications; installation and construction support.

Electrical Studies & Analysis

Short circuit and bus fault studies.
Protection coordination studies and relay settings.
Arc-flash studies.
Load flow, voltage drop, and motor-starting studies.
Distribution system studies: sectionalizing, capacitor placement, substation siting, short circuit, voltage drop, coordination, starting increments.
Analysis software: ASPEN OneLiner, PSS CAPE, ETAP.

Protection Settings, QA & NERC Compliance

System protection settings development, 115kV–500kV.
Short circuit analysis, calculation sheets, and relay test plans.
NERC PRC/FAC compliance and PRC compliance auditing.
Relay settings reviews: line protection, bus differential, transformer protection, and breaker failure.
Settings-file reviews, test-plan quality assurance, and short circuit analysis reviews.
Established relay testing procedures and lab; established relay setting QA/QC process.
Peer review of relay setting projects for numerous large utilities across North America.
Configuration management of field work versus prints; field commissioning and outage coordination.
Technical assistance and design reviews for the Department of Defense and Department of Energy.

Power Distribution

Design of OH/UG utility distribution; construction standards including non-standard pole framing requirements.
OH/UG distribution equipment specifications and standards.
MCCB, power circuit breaker, switchgear and motor control center specification, purchase, evaluation, modification and installation.
Distribution systems for large commercial and industrial sites.
Urban overhead-to-underground conversion projects and associated protection upgrades.
Installation of 3-gang switches and vacuum reclosers for distribution line sectionalizing.
Load management system design and implementation, residential through large industrial co-generation.
Distributed and stand-by generation installations, 60–500kW; system capacity determination and coordinated substation construction.
Distribution and transmission switching up to 230kV.

Power Generation

CT power plant: greenfield and brownfield BOP integration of all auxiliary power equipment — auxiliary transformers, MV switchgear, MCCs, control houses, iso-phase and non-seg bus duct, generator circuit breakers; load flow, short circuit, voltage drop, arc flash, relay settings and coordination, motor starting.
Fossil and hydro plant: brownfield system modifications; SO3 mitigation; microprocessor-based relaying upgrades; electrical system and arc-flash studies; switchgear and MCC replacement; fire-pump installation; steam-plant design for startup of an existing 1000MW unit.
Nuclear plant: radiation monitoring component installation; substation breaker replacement; safety-related switchgear modifications.

SCADA, Automation & Telecommunications

Substation SCADA interface design and implementation; SCADA Master and HMI design and implementation.
Substation and distribution automation systems design.
Design and implementation of intelligent RTU and HMI systems for transmission and distribution substations across North America.
PLC-based, system-wide Tie-Open Load Shed system with HMI.
Substation-based distribution automation with fault location, isolation, and restoration (FLISR).
SCADA and load management design, procurement, installation, programming and maintenance — RTU, communication equipment, and related hardware.
Delivery point and intertie revenue metering systems.
Telecommunications:
- Long-haul fiber systems; terminal node design and installation; route selection; splice-point selection and design.
- Unlicensed data radio design and installation.
- Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) satellite systems.
- Management of leased telecom facilities; engineering for voice, data and network facilities.

Engineering & Program Management

Engineering supervisor and manager — P&C, substation, transmission.
Engineering manager — operations and maintenance, dispatch center operations.
Project and program management — transmission, substation, P&C, and distribution engineering.
Program manager — P&C engineering and telecom engineering support.
Product management — control and automation product lines.
Owner's engineering services for client transmission and substation EPC programs.

Representative Major Projects

Power distribution substations, greenfield and brownfield; equipment replacements and upgrades.
NERC compliance: audit support and client generation BES issues.
Grounding design and substation animal-protection standards — Duke Energy.
500kV substation expansions and P&C modifications and additions.
BESS substations and facilities — Duke, Southern Company, private investors.
EMS upgrades; intertie and power-generation SCADA upgrades — Entergy.
Network rebuild of delivery-point and generation revenue metering — Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation.
Substation protective relay upgrades — American Electric Power.
Data farm, 230kV substation and 4kV distribution network — private investor.
Alternate data-center power source, greenfield substation and underground distribution feeder network — global retailer.
13.8kV switchgear replacement for three substations and site fiber network — City of Salem, Virginia.
Fault-isolating-device installation for more than a dozen 115kV brownfield stations — TU (Texas) Electric.
Protection settings coordination study for a large regional utility — Saudi Arabia.
Shop-drawing review and pre-shipment inspection for a combustion-turbine upgrade — Indonesia.
Substation automation systems for ten greenfield EPC substation projects — Portland (OR) General Electric.
PLC-based, system-wide Tie-Open Load Shed system with HMI — Tucson Electric Power.
Site assessments and SCADA make-ready designs for 200 distribution substations over a 20-month schedule — Duke Energy.
Owner's engineering for a client transmission and substation EPC program over 8 years — American Electric Power.
5-year 345kV resiliency upgrade program, Lower Rio Grande Valley — American Electric Power.

Relay & Device Platforms

SEL: 311, 311L, 411, 411L, 421, 351, 387, 387E, 451, 487B, 487E, 587Z, 2407, 3555 (RTAC), 2240 (Axion), 2730M.
GE: L90.
Eaton/Cooper: SG-4260, SMP IO-2230, SMP IO-2330 (A, S, K, C1 variants), APP-601.
ABB and ERLphase.
Various electro-mechanical relays.

Software & Tools

Studies: ASPEN OneLiner, PSS CAPE, ETAP.
Design: AutoCAD, AutoCAD Electrical, MicroStation, Bluebeam REVU.

Registrations & Credentials

Licensed Professional Engineers across 19 states: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia.

Additional credentials: Master electrician (Arkansas); FCC amateur radio; Project Management Professional (PMP); Senior Member, IEEE; M.Eng.

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